NRSP-8: NAGRP Aquaculture Genome Program

Genetic Markers and Variation

2004. Stocking impact and migration pattern in an anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) complex: where have all the stocked spawning sea trout gone? D. E. Ruzzante, M. M. Hansen, D. Meldrup and K. M. Ebert. Mol Ecol. 13:1433-45.

2004. Founding events influence genetic population structure of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Lake Clark, Alaska. K. M. Ramstad, C. A. Woody, G. K. Sage and F. W. Allendorf. Mol Ecol. 13:277-90.

2004. Comparison of GNRH3 genes across salmonid genera. E. H. Leder, R. G. Danzmann and M. M. Ferguson. Anim Genet. 35:126-9.

2004. Adaptive variation in senescence: reproductive lifespan in a wild salmon population. A. P. Hendry, Y. E. Morbey, O. K. Berg and J. K. Wenburg. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 271:259-66.

2004. Consequences of unequal population size, asymmetric gene flow and sex-biased dispersal on population structure in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). D. J. Fraser, C. Lippe and L. Bernatchez. Mol Ecol. 13:67-80.

2004. Kin-biased distribution in brown trout: an effect of redd location or kin recognition? J. Carlsson, J. E. Carlsson, K. H. Olsen, M. M. Hansen, T. Eriksson and J. Nilsson. Heredity. 92:53-60.

2004. Correlations between fitness and heterozygosity at allozyme and microsatellite loci in the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Y. J. Borrell, H. Pineda, I. McCarthy, E. Vazquez, J. A. Sanchez and G. B. Lizana. Heredity. 92:585-93.

2004. Genetic detection of sex-specific dispersal in historical and contemporary populations of anadromous brown trout Salmo trutta. D. Bekkevold, M. M. Hansen and K. L. Mensberg. Mol Ecol. 13:1707-12.

2003. Microsatellite DNA polymorphism in intensely enhanced populations of sea trout ( Salmo trutta) in the Southern Baltic. A. Was and R. Wenne. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 5:234-43.

2003. Aggressiveness is associated with genetic diversity in landlocked salmon (Salmo salar). K. Tiira, A. Laurila, N. Peuhkuri, J. Piironen, E. Ranta and C. R. Primmer. Mol Ecol. 12:2399-407.

2003. Population subdivision in westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi) at the northern periphery of its range: evolutionary inferences and conservation implications. E. B. Taylor, M. D. Stamford and J. S. Baxter. Mol Ecol. 12:2609-22.

2003. Census vs. effective population size in chinook salmon: large- and small-scale environmental perturbation effects. J. M. Shrimpton and D. D. Heath. Mol Ecol. 12:2571-83.

2003. Timing of first feeding and life-history strategies in salmon: genetic data. H. Pineda, Y. J. Borrell, I. McCarthy, E. Vazquez, J. A. Sanchez and G. Blanco. Hereditas. 139:41-8.

2003. Effects of genetic sex and genomic background on epistasis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). G. M. Perry, M. M. Ferguson and R. G. Danzmann. Genetica. 119:35-50.

2003. Characterization and mapping of 19 polymorphic microsatellite markers for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Y. Palti, R. G. Danzmann and C. E. Rexroad, 3rd. Anim Genet. 34:153-6.

2003. Lack of molecular genetic divergence between sea-ranched and wild sea trout (Salmo trutta). S. Palm, J. Dannewitz, T. Jarvi, E. Petersson, T. Prestegaard and N. Ryman. Mol Ecol. 12:2057-71.

2003. Thirty-one polymorphic microsatellite markers for genetic mapping in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A. Ozaki, S. K. Khoo, T. Sakamoto and N. Okamoto. Anim Genet. 34:315-7.

2003. Long-term temporal changes of genetic composition in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations inhabiting an unstable environment. S. Ostergaard, M. M. Hansen, V. Loeschcke and E. E. Nielsen. Mol Ecol. 12:3123-35.

2003. SNPs by AFLP (SBA): a rapid SNP isolation strategy for non-model organisms. J. C. Nicod and C. R. Largiader. Nucleic Acids Res. 31:e19.

2003. Genetic variation over space and time: analyses of extinct and remnant lake trout populations in the Upper Great Lakes. B. Guinand, K. T. Scribner, K. S. Page and M. K. Burnham-Curtis. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 270:425-33.

2003. Evaluation of methodology for detection of genetic bottlenecks: inferences from temporally replicated lake trout populations. B. Guinand and K. T. Scribner. C R Biol. 326 Suppl 1:S61-7.

2003. Bimodal run distribution in a northern population of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): life history and genetic analysis on a temporal scale. E. K. Fillatre, P. Etherton and D. D. Heath. Mol Ecol. 12:1793-805.

2003. Erosion of interspecific reproductive barriers resulting from hatchery supplementation of rainbow trout sympatric with cutthroat trout. M. F. Docker, A. Dale and D. D. Heath. Mol Ecol. 12:3515-21.

2003. The influence of history and contemporary stream hydrology on the evolution of genetic diversity within species: an examination of microsatellite DNA variation in bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus (Pisces: Salmonidae). A. B. Costello, T. E. Down, S. M. Pollard, C. J. Pacas and E. B. Taylor. Evolution Int J Org Evolution. 57:328-44.

2003. The rise and fall of isolation by distance in the anadromous brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill). V. Castric and L. Bernatchez. Genetics. 163:983-96.

2003. Demographic and genetic estimates of effective population size (Ne) reveals genetic compensation in steelhead trout. W. R. Ardren and A. R. Kapuscinski. Mol Ecol. 12:35-49.

2002. Parental assignment in fish using microsatellite genetic markers with finite numbers of parents and offspring. B. Villanueva, E. Verspoor and P. M. Visscher. Anim Genet. 33:33-41.

2002. Rates and patterns of microsatellite mutations in pink salmon. E. K. Steinberg, K. R. Lindner, J. Gallea, A. Maxwell, J. Meng and F. W. Allendorf. Mol Biol Evol. 19:1198-202.

2002. Eighteen polymorphic microsatellite markers for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). C. E. Rexroad, R. L. Coleman, W. K. Hershberger and J. Killefer. Anim Genet. 33:76-8.

2002. Rapid communication: Thirty-eight polymorphic microsatellite markers for mapping in rainbow trout. C. E. Rexroad, 3rd, R. L. Coleman, W. K. Hershberger and J. Killefer. J Anim Sci. 80:541-2.

2002. Development of rainbow trout microsatellite markers from repeat enriched libraries. C. E. Rexroad, 3rd, R. L. Coleman, A. L. Gustafson, W. K. Hershberger and J. Killefer. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 4:12-6.

2002. Linkage relationships for 35 new microsatellite loci in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. K. A. Naish and L. K. Park. Anim Genet. 33:316-8.

2002. Contemporary fisherian life-history evolution in small salmonid populations. M. T. Koskinen, T. O. Haugen and C. R. Primmer. Nature. 419:826-30.

2002. Reconstructing recent divergence: evaluating nonequilibrium population structure in New Zealand chinook salmon. M. T. Kinnison, P. Bentzen, M. J. Unwin and T. P. Quinn. Mol Ecol. 11:739-54.

2002. Temporal change in genetic structure and effective population size in steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). D. D. Heath, C. Busch, J. Kelly and D. Y. Atagi. Mol Ecol. 11:197-214.

2002. Estimating the long-term effects of stocking domesticated trout into wild brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations: an approach using microsatellite DNA analysis of historical and contemporary samples. M. M. Hansen. Mol Ecol. 11:1003-15.

2002. Long-term effective population sizes, temporal stability of genetic composition and potential for local adaptation in anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations. M. M. Hansen, D. E. Ruzzante, E. E. Nielsen, D. Bekkevold and K. L. Mensberg. Mol Ecol. 11:2523-35.

2002. Extreme genetic differentiation among the remnant populations of marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) in Slovenia. L. Fumagalli, A. Snoj, D. Jesensek, F. Balloux, T. Jug, O. Duron, F. Brossier, A. J. Crivelli and P. Berrebi. Mol Ecol. 11:2711-6.

2002. The impact of stocking on the genetic integrity of Arctic charr (Salvelinus) populations from the Alpine region. C. C. Englbrecht, U. Schliewen and D. Tautz. Mol Ecol. 11:1017-27.

2002. Heterozygote deficiencies in small lacustrine populations of brook charr Salvelinus Fontinalis Mitchill (Pisces, Salmonidae): a test of alternative hypotheses. V. Castric, L. Bernatchez, K. Belkhir and F. Bonhomme. Heredity. 89:27-35.

2002. Evolution of a perfect simple sequence repeat locus in the context of its flanking sequence. S. M. Blankenship, B. May and D. Hedgecock. Mol Biol Evol. 19:1943-51.

2002. Natural and artificial secondary contact in brown trout (Salmo trutta, L.) in the French western Pyrenees assessed by allozymes and microsatellites. D. Aurelle, G. Cattaneo-Berrebi and P. Berrebi. Heredity. 89:171-83.

2001. Genetic characterization of hybridization and introgression between anadromous rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) and coastal cutthroat trout (O. clarki clarki). W. P. Young, C. O. Ostberg, P. Keim and G. H. Thorgaard. Mol Ecol. 10:921-30.

2001. Identification of the origin of an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) population in a recently recolonized river in the Baltic Sea. A. Vasemagi, R. Gross, T. Paaver, M. Kangur, J. Nilsson and L. O. Eriksson. Mol Ecol. 10:2877-82.

2001. Heterozygosity-fitness correlations in rainbow trout: effects of allozyme loci or associative overdominance? G. C. Thelen and F. W. Allendorf. Evolution Int J Org Evolution. 55:1180-7.

2001. Spawning success in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): a long-term DNA profiling-based study conducted in a natural stream. J. B. Taggart, I. S. McLaren, D. W. Hay, J. H. Webb and A. F. Youngson. Mol Ecol. 10:1047-60.

2001. Distribution of individual inbreeding coefficients, relatedness and influence of stocking on native anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) population structure. D. E. Ruzzante, M. M. Hansen and D. Meldrup. Mol Ecol. 10:2107-28.

2001. Thirty-five polymorphic microsatellite markers for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). C. E. Rexroad, 3rd, R. L. Coleman, A. M. Martin, W. K. Hershberger and J. Killefer. Anim Genet. 32:317-9.

2001. Lacustrine spatial distribution of landlocked Atlantic salmon populations assessed across generations by multilocus individual assignment and mixed-stock analyses. C. Potvin and L. Bernatchez. Mol Ecol. 10:2375-88.

2001. Microsatellite analyses of the trout of northwest Mexico. J. L. Nielsen and G. K. Sage. Genetica. 111:269-78.

2001. Fragmentation of riverine systems: the genetic effects of dams on bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the Clark Fork River system. L. P. Neraas and P. Spruell. Mol Ecol. 10:1153-64.

2001. A cryptic RRY(i) microsatellite from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): characterization and chromosomal location. J. L. Martinez, P. Moran and E. Garcia-Vazquez. J Hered. 92:287-90.

2001. 'Good genes as heterozygosity': the major histocompatibility complex and mate choice in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). C. Landry, D. Garant, P. Duchesne and L. Bernatchez. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 268:1279-85.

2001. Comparative analysis of population structure across environments and geographical scales at major histocompatibility complex and microsatellite loci in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). C. Landry and L. Bernatchez. Mol Ecol. 10:2525-39.

2001. Population structure of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): a range-wide perspective from microsatellite DNA variation. T. L. King, S. T. Kalinowski, W. B. Schill, A. P. Spidle and B. A. Lubinski. Mol Ecol. 10:807-21.

2001. The influence of male parr body size and mate competition on fertilization success and effective population size in Atlantic salmon. M. W. Jones and J. A. Hutchings. Heredity. 86:675-84.

2001. Examining evidence of reproductive isolation in sockeye salmon. D. J. Howard, J. L. Marshall, W. E. Braswell and J. A. Coyne. Science. 291:1853.

2001. Elucidation of the molecular basis of a null allele in a rainbow trout microsatellite. L. E. Holm, V. Loeschcke and C. Bendixen. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 3:555-60.

2001. Genetic structure and relationships among steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations in British Columbia. D. D. Heath, S. Pollard and C. Herbinger. Heredity. 86:618-27.

2001. A genetic evaluation of mating system and determinants of individual reproductive success in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). D. Garant, J. J. Dodson and L. Bernatchez. J Hered. 92:137-45.

2001. Landscape structure and hierarchical genetic diversity in the brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. V. Castric, F. Bonney and L. Bernatchez. Evolution Int J Org Evolution. 55:1016-28.

2001. Isolation and characterization of chum salmon microsatellite loci and use across species. W. G. Buchholz, S. J. Miller and W. J. Spearman. Anim Genet. 32:162-5.

2001. Holarctic phylogeography of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. P. C. Brunner, M. R. Douglas, A. Osinov, C. C. Wilson and L. Bernatchez. Evolution Int J Org Evolution. 55:573-86.

2001. Kinship analysis of Pacific salmon: insights into mating, homing, and timing of reproduction. P. Bentzen, J. B. Olsen, J. E. McLean, T. R. Seamons and T. P. Quinn. J Hered. 92:127-36.

2001. Choice of methodology for assessing genetic impacts of environmental stressors: polymorphism and reproducibility of RAPD and AFLP fingerprints. M. J. Bagley, S. L. Anderson and B. May. Ecotoxicology. 10:239-44.

2000. A microsatellite linkage map of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) characterized by large sex-specific differences in recombination rates. T. Sakamoto, R. G. Danzmann, K. Gharbi, P. Howard, A. Ozaki, S. K. Khoo, R. A. Woram, N. Okamoto, M. M. Ferguson, L. E. Holm, R. Guyomard and B. Hoyheim. Genetics. 155:1331-45.

2000. [Microsatellite linkage map of rainbow trout and its application for QTL analysis]. T. Sakamoto and N. Okamoto. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso. 45:2872-9.

2000. The one that did not get away: individual assignment using microsatellite data detects a case of fishing competition fraud. C. R. Primmer, M. T. Koskinen and J. Piironen. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 267:1699-704.

2000. Characterization of 14 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci derived from sockeye salmon. J. B. Olsen, S. L. Wilson, E. J. Kretschmer, K. C. Jones and J. E. Seeb. Mol Ecol. 9:2185-7.

2000. Gene-centromere mapping of 312 loci in pink salmon by half-tetrad analysis. K. R. Lindner, J. E. Seeb, C. Habicht, K. L. Knudsen, E. Kretschmer, D. J. Reedy, P. Spruell and F. W. Allendorf. Genome. 43:538-49.

2000. Four highly polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). S. K. Khoo, A. Ozaki, T. Sakamoto and N. Okamoto. Anim Genet. 31:73-4.

2000. Rapid communication: two highly polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): OmyRGT18TUF and OmyRGT23TUF. S. K. Khoo, A. Ozaki, T. Sakamoto and N. Okamoto. J Anim Sci. 78:490-1.

2000. Rapid evolution of reproductive isolation in the wild: evidence from introduced salmon. A. P. Hendry, J. K. Wenburg, P. Bentzen, E. C. Volk and T. P. Quinn. Science. 290:516-9.

2000. Hydrography and population genetic structure in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill) from eastern Canada. C. Hebert, R. G. Danzman, M. W. Jones and L. Bernatchez. Mol Ecol. 9:971-82.

2000. Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA polymorphism reveals life-history dependent interbreeding between hatchery and wild brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). M. M. Hansen, D. E. Ruzzante, E. E. nielsen and K. L. Mensberg. Mol Ecol. 9:583-94.

2000. Ecological determinants and temporal stability of the within-river population structure in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). D. Garant, J. J. Dodson and L. Bernatchez. Mol Ecol. 9:615-28.

2000. Juxtaposed microsatellite systems as diagnostic markers for admixture: an empirical evaluation with brown trout (Salmo trutta) as model organism. A. Estoup, C. R. Largiader, J. M. Cornuet, K. Gharbi, P. Presa and R. Guyomard. Mol Ecol. 9:1873-86.

2000. Population genetic structure of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) within a northern boreal forest stream. J. Carlsson and J. Nilsson. Hereditas. 132:173-81.

2000. Characterization of microsatellite and minisatellite loci in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and cross-species amplification in other salmonids. M. Cairney, J. B. Taggart and B. Hoyheim. Mol Ecol. 9:2175-8.

2000. Microsatellite DNA population structure and stock identification of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Nass and Skeena rivers in northern British Columbia. T. D. Beacham, S. Pollard and K. D. Le. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2:587-600.

2000. A highly polymorphic plasma protein locus in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations from Portugal. A. Antunes, N. Ferrand and P. Alexandrino. Biochem Genet. 38:217-26.

1999. Inheritance of nuclear DNA markers in gynogenetic haploid pink salmon. P. Spruell, K. L. Pilgrim, B. A. Greene, C. Habicht, K. L. Knudsen, K. R. Lindner, J. B. Olsen, G. K. Sage, J. E. Seeb and F. W. Allendorf. J Hered. 90:289-96.

1999. Microsatellite polymorphism and genetic impact of restocking in mediterranean brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). C. Poteaux, F. Bonhomme and P. Berrebi. Heredity. 82 (Pt 6):645-53.

1999. Two highly polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): OmyRGT7TUF and OmyRGT8TUF. A. Ozaki, S. K. Khoo, T. Sakamoto and N. Okamoto. Anim Genet. 30:393-4.

1999. Microsatellite diversity and conservation of a relic trout population: McCloud River redband trout. J. L. Nielsen, K. D. Crow and M. C. Fountain. Mol Ecol. 8:S129-42.

1999. Isolation and cross species amplification of microsatellite loci useful for study of Pacific salmon. R. J. Nelson and T. D. Beacham. Anim Genet. 30:228-9.

1999. Genetic characterization and chromosomal location of a single locus GT microsatellite from Atlantic salmon. J. L. Martinez, P. Moran, A. M. Pendas, J. B. Taggart and E. Garcia-Vazquez. Anim Genet. 30:399-400.

1999. Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the SS4, SS6 and SS11 loci in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J. L. Martinez, P. Moran and E. Garcia-Vazquez. Anim Genet. 30:464-5.

1999. Two polymorphic dinucleotide repeats in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). L. E. Holm and K. Brusgaard. Anim Genet. 30:162-3.

1999. Five multiplexed microsatellite loci for rapid response run identification of California's endangered winter chinook salmon. C. Greig and M. A. Banks. Anim Genet. 30:318-20.

1999. Combined Assessment of Genetic Variability in Populations of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta L.) Based on Allozymes, Microsatellites, and RAPD Markers. M. E. Cagigas, E. Vazquez, G. Blanco and J. A. Sanchez. 1:286-296.

1998. Isolation and characterization of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) microsatellites and their use in other salmonids. C. T. Smith, B. F. Koop and R. J. Nelson. Mol Ecol. 7:1614-6.

1998. Characterization of seven microsatellite loci derived from pink salmon. J. B. Olsen, P. Bentzen and J. E. Seeb. Mol Ecol. 7:1087-9.

1998. Microsatellite analysis of the population structure of a vancouver island sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) stock complex using nondenaturing gel electrophoresis. R. J. Nelson, T. D. Beacham and M. P. Small. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol. 7:312-9.

1998. Omy0002DIAS: a highly polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). L. E. Holm. Anim Genet. 29:465.

1998. Characterization of novel minisatellite repeat loci in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and their phylogenetic distribution. J. L. Goodier and W. S. Davidson. J Mol Evol. 46:245-55.

1998. Comparative analysis of microsatellite and allozyme markers: a case study investigating microgeographic differentiation in brown trout (Salmo trutta). A. Estoup, F. Rousset, Y. Michalakis, J. M. Cornuet, M. Adriamanga and R. Guyomard. Mol Ecol. 7:339-53.

1998. Characterization of coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) microsatellites and their conservation in other salmonids. M. J. Condrey and P. Bentzen. Mol Ecol. 7:787-9.

1997. The microsatellite marker (BFRO 002) characteristic for different geographically remote brown trout, Salmo trutta L., populations. S. Susnik, A. Snoj, J. Pohar and P. Dovc. Anim Genet. 28:372.

1997. Rapid communication: the first microsatellite DNA marker for marble trout, BFRO 001. A. Snoj, J. Pohar and P. Dovc. J Anim Sci. 75:1983.

1997. Segregation studies and linkage analysis of Atlantic salmon microsatellites using haploid genetics. A. Slettan, I. Olsaker and O. Lie. Heredity. 78 ( Pt 6):620-7.

1997. Mhc diversity in Pacific salmon: population structure and trans-species allelism. K. M. Miller and R. E. Withler. Hereditas. 127:83-95.

1997. A polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss): OmDIAS1. L. E. Holm and K. Brusgaard. Anim Genet. 28:314-5.

1996. Molecular genetic examination of the polymorphic Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus of Thingvallavatn, Iceland. J. P. Volpe and M. M. Ferguson. Mol Ecol. 5:763-72.

1996. Polymorphic Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., microsatellites at the SSOSL438, SSOSL439 and SSOSL444 loci. A. Slettan, I. Olsaker and O. Lie. Anim Genet. 27:57-8.

1996. Protein and microsatellite single locus variability in Salmo salar L. (Atlantic salmon). J. A. Sanchez, C. Clabby, D. Ramos, G. Blanco, F. Flavin, E. Vazquez and R. Powell. Heredity. 77 ( Pt 4):423-32.

1996. Semiautomated multilocus genotyping of Pacific salmon (Oncorhnychus spp.) using microsatellites. J. B. Olsen, J. K. Wenburg and P. Bentzen. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol. 5:259-72.

1996. Usefulness of heterologous microsatellites obtained from brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill, in other Salvelinus species. B. Angers and L. Bernatchez. Mol Ecol. 5:317-9.

1995. A polymorphic dinucleotide repeat microsatellite in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar (SSOSL436). A. Slettan, I. Olsaker and O. Lie. Anim Genet. 26:368.

1993. (CT)n and (GT)n microsatellites: a new class of genetic markers for Salmo trutta L. (brown trout). A. Estoup, P. Presa, F. Krieg, D. Vaiman and R. Guyomard. Heredity. 71 ( Pt 5):488-96.